What is a GPU?

A Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) is a specialized processor designed to accelerate the rendering of images, video, and animations. While central processing units (CPUs) handle general-purpose tasks, graphics processing units (GPUs) are optimized for parallel processing, enabling them to execute thousands of operations simultaneously. This capability makes them indispensable for tasks that require rapid processing of large amounts of data, such as rendering digital video or three-dimensional graphics.

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Types of Graphics Processing Units

There are two types of GPUs, discrete and integrated, and the key differences are their placement and performance.

Discrete GPUs: Offer significantly higher performance and are separate, dedicated components that connect to the motherboard and have their own memory, power supply, and cooling system.

Integrated GPUs: Built into a computer’s CPU and share memory with it, which results in lower power consumption and heat at the cost of reduced graphical power.

What Does a Graphics Processing Unit Do?

GPUs were originally developed to relieve CPUs of the task of rendering graphics in real time, particularly in video games. For gamers, a powerful GPU is the difference between smooth, immersive gameplay and a laggy, frustrating experience. In digital video editing, a powerful GPU can significantly reduce rendering times, making it a critical tool for content creators.

GPU History, Application and Leading Manufacturers

History of GPUs

Early GPUs were simple chips designed to handle basic graphical tasks, but as software requirements grew, so did the complexity and power of these units. The introduction of programmable shaders allowed GPUs to perform more complex calculations, and the advent of general-purpose computing on GPUs has further broadened their applicability. The development of GPUs has been driven by the increasing demands of modern applications, and the role of the GPU has expanded far beyond gaming and visual arts.

AI and GPUs

Today, GPUs are crucial tools in professional and scientific fields. In AI and machine learning, for example, GPUs accelerate neural network training by handling the massive parallel computations required for these tasks. This has made GPUs a cornerstone of AI research, leading companies like Google and Amazon to offer GPU-accelerated cloud services.

GPUs are also increasingly used in blockchain technology, particularly in cryptocurrency mining. The process of mining cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin involves solving complex mathematical problems, a task well-suited to the parallel processing power of GPUs. The explosion of AI and blockchain technologies has driven a massive surge in demand for the technology.

Top GPUs

Today, the top manufacturers of graphics processing units include Nvidia, AMD, and Intel, with Nvidia leading the market thanks to its advanced CUDA software layer and AI capabilities. Nvidia GPUs, particularly the GeForce RTX series, are known for their exceptional performance in gaming and professional graphics workstations. AMD GPUs, such as the Radeon series, offer strong competition, particularly in the mid-range market, while Intel has recently entered the discrete GPU market with its Arc series.

Key Considerations When Purchasing a GPU

If you’re in the market for a GPU, there are several factors to consider.

Primary Computer Use

If gaming is your main focus, you’ll want a GPU with high clock speeds and ample memory bandwidth, such as Nvidia’s GeForce RTX series or AMD’s Radeon RX series. These GPUs are designed to handle the latest games at high resolutions and frame rates.

For creative professionals involved in video editing, 3D modeling, or animation, memory capacity and CUDA cores (in Nvidia GPUs) or Stream Processors (in AMD GPUs) become more important. These features allow the GPU to handle large datasets and complex calculations, speeding up workflows and improving productivity.

Future Proofing

Technology evolves rapidly, and a GPU that handles current games or software may struggle with future releases. Investing in a higher-end model can provide more longevity, ensuring your system remains capable as new, more demanding software is released.

Maximize Your GPU Selection

A powerful graphics processing unit can transform your computing experience, making your system faster, more efficient, and capable of running the latest software and games smoothly. When purchasing a GPU, consider your specific needs, the technology’s future, and the brand’s reputation to ensure you make the best investment for your setup.

If you're building a system that relies on GPU computing power, we can help source the GPUs and supporting components you need. As a full-line supplier, we provide access to a wide range of components for your entire build. Request a quote below.